Flutter Templates
Cara Membangun Aplikasi Respon Email AI dengan Flutter dan Back4App

41min
Pendahuluan
Dalam tutorial ini, Anda akan membangun aplikasi respon email bertenaga AI menggunakan Flutter untuk frontend dan Back4App untuk backend. Aplikasi ini akan terintegrasi dengan layanan email seperti Gmail atau Outlook, menganalisis email yang masuk menggunakan model AI (seperti GPT-3 dari OpenAI), dan menghasilkan respons yang dipersonalisasi. Pada akhir tutorial ini, Anda akan memiliki aplikasi fungsional yang dapat mengelola email, menghasilkan respons otomatis, dan memungkinkan pengguna untuk mempersonalisasi interaksi email mereka.
Aplikasi ini memanfaatkan kekuatan Parse Server dari Back4App untuk menangani otentikasi pengguna, penyimpanan data, dan fungsi cloud, menyediakan solusi backend yang dapat diskalakan tanpa perlu mengelola infrastruktur server. Mengintegrasikan kemampuan AI dan layanan email akan meningkatkan keterampilan pengembangan Flutter Anda dan memberikan dasar untuk membangun aplikasi canggih yang berbasis data.
Prasyarat
Untuk menyelesaikan tutorial ini, Anda akan memerlukan:
A akun Back4App. Daftar untuk akun gratis di Back4App.
Flutter SDK terinstal di mesin lokal Anda. Ikuti panduan instalasi Flutter untuk sistem operasi Anda.
Pengetahuan dasar tentang Dart dan Flutter pengembangan. Jika Anda baru mengenal Flutter, pertimbangkan untuk meninjau dokumentasi Flutter sebelum melanjutkan.
Keterampilan dalam REST APIs dan pemrograman asinkron di Dart.
Akun dengan penyedia layanan AI (misalnya, OpenAI). Daftar untuk mendapatkan kunci API untuk mengakses model AI.
A akun email (Gmail atau Outlook) untuk pengujian integrasi.
Langkah 1 — Menyiapkan Backend Back4App Anda
Dalam langkah ini, Anda akan membuat aplikasi Back4App baru, menyiapkan kelas data Anda, dan mengonfigurasi backend untuk bekerja dengan aplikasi Flutter Anda.
1.1. Buat Aplikasi Baru di Back4App
Masuk ke dasbor Back4App.
Klik "Buat Aplikasi Baru".
Masukkan Nama Aplikasi (misalnya, "AI Email Responder") dan pilih Ikon Aplikasi.
Pilih lokasi server Anda jika diminta.
Klik "Buat".
1.2. Ambil Kunci Aplikasi
Di dasbor aplikasi Anda, navigasikan ke Pengaturan Aplikasi > Keamanan & Kunci.
Catat ID Aplikasi dan Kunci Klien. Anda akan memerlukan ini untuk konfigurasi aplikasi Flutter Anda.
1.3. Definisikan Kelas Model Data Anda
Kami akan membuat kelas berikut di Back4App:
Pengguna (default)
AkunEmail
TemplateEmail
RiwayatRespon
1.3.1. Buat Kelas AkunEmail
Pergi ke Database > Browser.
Klik "Buat kelas".
Pilih "Kustom" dan beri nama AkunEmail.
Klik "Buat kelas".
Tambahkan kolom berikut ke EmailAccount:
pengguna (Pointer<_User>): Mengarah ke User objek.
alamatEmail (String)
tipeAkun (String): misalnya, Gmail, Outlook.
authToken (String): Akan menyimpan token yang dienkripsi.
1.3.2. Buat Kelas EmailTemplate
Ulangi langkah untuk membuat kelas baru bernama EmailTemplate.
Tambahkan kolom berikut ke EmailTemplate:
pengguna (Pointer<_User>)
namaTemplate (String)
kontenTemplate (String)
tipeTemplate (String): misalnya, formal, santai, tindak lanjut.
1.3.3. Buat Kelas ResponseHistory
Buat kelas baru bernama ResponseHistory.
Tambahkan kolom berikut ke ResponseHistory:
pengguna (Pointer<_User>)
ringkasanEmailAsli (String)
responDihasilkan (String)
responDieditPengguna (String)
waktuDisimpan (Number)
1.4. Atur Izin Tingkat Kelas
Pastikan hanya pengguna yang terautentikasi yang dapat mengakses data mereka:
Di setiap kelas, pergi ke bagian Keamanan.
Atur Izin Tingkat Kelas (CLP) untuk mengizinkan akses baca/tulis hanya untuk pengguna yang terautentikasi.
Langkah 2 — Menginisialisasi Proyek Flutter Anda
Dalam langkah ini, Anda akan menyiapkan proyek Flutter Anda dan mengonfigurasinya untuk terhubung ke Back4App.
2.1. Buat Proyek Flutter Baru
Buka terminal Anda dan jalankan:
Bash
flutter create ai_email_responder
flutter create ai_email_responder
﻿
Navigasikan ke direktori proyek:
Bash
cd ai_email_responder
cd ai_email_responder
﻿
2.2. Tambahkan Ketergantungan yang Diperlukan
Buka pubspec.yaml dan tambahkan ketergantungan berikut:
YAML
dependencies:
  flutter:
    sdk: flutter
  parse_server_sdk_flutter: ^4.0.1
  flutter_email_sender: ^5.0.2
  http: ^0.13.4
  provider: ^6.0.2
  fl_chart: ^0.45.1
dependencies:
  flutter:
    sdk: flutter
  parse_server_sdk_flutter: ^4.0.1
  flutter_email_sender: ^5.0.2
  http: ^0.13.4
  provider: ^6.0.2
  fl_chart: ^0.45.1
﻿
Jalankan flutter pub get untuk menginstal paket.
2.3. Inisialisasi Parse di Aplikasi Anda
Buat file baru lib/config/back4app_config.dart:
Dart
// lib/config/back4app_config.dart
const String keyApplicationId = 'YOUR_APPLICATION_ID';
const String keyClientKey = 'YOUR_CLIENT_KEY';
const String keyParseServerUrl = 'https://parseapi.back4app.com';
// lib/config/back4app_config.dart
const String keyApplicationId = 'YOUR_APPLICATION_ID';
const String keyClientKey = 'YOUR_CLIENT_KEY';
const String keyParseServerUrl = 'https://parseapi.back4app.com';
﻿
Ganti 'YOUR_APPLICATION_ID' dan 'YOUR_CLIENT_KEY' dengan kunci dari Back4App.
Di lib/main.dart, inisialisasi Parse:
Dart
// lib/main.dart
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:parse_server_sdk_flutter/parse_server_sdk.dart';
import 'config/back4app_config.dart';
import 'app.dart';

void main() async {
  WidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized();

  await Parse().initialize(
    keyApplicationId,
    keyParseServerUrl,
    clientKey: keyClientKey,
    autoSendSessionId: true,
    debug: true,
  );

  runApp(MyApp());
}
// lib/main.dart
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:parse_server_sdk_flutter/parse_server_sdk.dart';
import 'config/back4app_config.dart';
import 'app.dart';

void main() async {
  WidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized();

  await Parse().initialize(
    keyApplicationId,
    keyParseServerUrl,
    clientKey: keyClientKey,
    autoSendSessionId: true,
    debug: true,
  );

  runApp(MyApp());
}
﻿
Buat lib/app.dart:
Dart
// lib/app.dart
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'screens/home_screen.dart';

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      title: 'AI Email Responder',
      theme: ThemeData(
        primarySwatch: Colors.blue,
      ),
      home: HomeScreen(),
    );
  }
}
// lib/app.dart
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'screens/home_screen.dart';

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      title: 'AI Email Responder',
      theme: ThemeData(
        primarySwatch: Colors.blue,
      ),
      home: HomeScreen(),
    );
  }
}
﻿
Langkah 3 — Mengimplementasikan Autentikasi Pengguna
Anda sekarang akan mengimplementasikan pendaftaran dan login pengguna menggunakan Parse Server.
3.1. Buat Layar Autentikasi
Buat lib/screens/login_screen.dart dan lib/screens/signup_screen.dart. Untuk singkatnya, kita akan fokus pada fungsionalitas login.
Dart
// lib/screens/login_screen.dart
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:parse_server_sdk_flutter/parse_server_sdk.dart';
import 'home_screen.dart';

class LoginScreen extends StatefulWidget {
  @override
  _LoginScreenState createState() => _LoginScreenState();
}

class _LoginScreenState extends State<LoginScreen> {
  final TextEditingController usernameController = TextEditingController();
  final TextEditingController passwordController = TextEditingController();

  Future<void> doUserLogin() async {
    final username = usernameController.text.trim();
    final password = passwordController.text.trim();

    final user = ParseUser(username, password, null);
    final response = await user.login();

    if (response.success) {
      Navigator.pushReplacement(
        context,
        MaterialPageRoute(builder: (context) => HomeScreen()),
      );
    } else {
      _showError(response.error!.message);
    }
  }

  void _showError(String message) {
    ScaffoldMessenger.of(context)
      .showSnackBar(SnackBar(content: Text('Error: $message')));
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: Text('Login'),
      ),
      body: Padding(
        padding: const EdgeInsets.all(16),
        child: Column(
          children: [
            TextField(
              controller: usernameController,
              decoration:
                  InputDecoration(labelText: 'Username', icon: Icon(Icons.person)),
            ),
            TextField(
              controller: passwordController,
              decoration:
                  InputDecoration(labelText: 'Password', icon: Icon(Icons.lock)),
              obscureText: true,
            ),
            SizedBox(height: 20),
            ElevatedButton(
              onPressed: doUserLogin,
              child: Text('Login'),
            ),
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}
// lib/screens/login_screen.dart
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:parse_server_sdk_flutter/parse_server_sdk.dart';
import 'home_screen.dart';

class LoginScreen extends StatefulWidget {
  @override
  _LoginScreenState createState() => _LoginScreenState();
}

class _LoginScreenState extends State<LoginScreen> {
  final TextEditingController usernameController = TextEditingController();
  final TextEditingController passwordController = TextEditingController();

  Future<void> doUserLogin() async {
    final username = usernameController.text.trim();
    final password = passwordController.text.trim();

    final user = ParseUser(username, password, null);
    final response = await user.login();

    if (response.success) {
      Navigator.pushReplacement(
        context,
        MaterialPageRoute(builder: (context) => HomeScreen()),
      );
    } else {
      _showError(response.error!.message);
    }
  }

  void _showError(String message) {
    ScaffoldMessenger.of(context)
      .showSnackBar(SnackBar(content: Text('Error: $message')));
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: Text('Login'),
      ),
      body: Padding(
        padding: const EdgeInsets.all(16),
        child: Column(
          children: [
            TextField(
              controller: usernameController,
              decoration:
                  InputDecoration(labelText: 'Username', icon: Icon(Icons.person)),
            ),
            TextField(
              controller: passwordController,
              decoration:
                  InputDecoration(labelText: 'Password', icon: Icon(Icons.lock)),
              obscureText: true,
            ),
            SizedBox(height: 20),
            ElevatedButton(
              onPressed: doUserLogin,
              child: Text('Login'),
            ),
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}
﻿
3.2. Perbarui Navigasi Layar Utama
Modifikasi lib/app.dart untuk mengarahkan pengguna ke layar login jika mereka tidak terautentikasi.
Dart
// lib/app.dart
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:parse_server_sdk_flutter/parse_server_sdk.dart';
import 'screens/home_screen.dart';
import 'screens/login_screen.dart';

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  Future<bool> hasUserLoggedIn() async {
    final currentUser = await ParseUser.currentUser() as ParseUser?;
    return currentUser != null;
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return FutureBuilder<bool>(
      future: hasUserLoggedIn(),
      builder: (context, snapshot) {
        if (snapshot.hasData && snapshot.data == true) {
          return MaterialApp(
            title: 'AI Email Responder',
            theme: ThemeData(primarySwatch: Colors.blue),
            home: HomeScreen(),
          );
        } else {
          return MaterialApp(
            title: 'AI Email Responder',
            theme: ThemeData(primarySwatch: Colors.blue),
            home: LoginScreen(),
          );
        }
      },
    );
  }
}
// lib/app.dart
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:parse_server_sdk_flutter/parse_server_sdk.dart';
import 'screens/home_screen.dart';
import 'screens/login_screen.dart';

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  Future<bool> hasUserLoggedIn() async {
    final currentUser = await ParseUser.currentUser() as ParseUser?;
    return currentUser != null;
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return FutureBuilder<bool>(
      future: hasUserLoggedIn(),
      builder: (context, snapshot) {
        if (snapshot.hasData && snapshot.data == true) {
          return MaterialApp(
            title: 'AI Email Responder',
            theme: ThemeData(primarySwatch: Colors.blue),
            home: HomeScreen(),
          );
        } else {
          return MaterialApp(
            title: 'AI Email Responder',
            theme: ThemeData(primarySwatch: Colors.blue),
            home: LoginScreen(),
          );
        }
      },
    );
  }
}
﻿
Langkah 4 — Mengintegrasikan Layanan Email
Dalam langkah ini, Anda akan mengatur integrasi email menggunakan paket flutter_email_sender.
4.1. Konfigurasi Pengirim Email
Tambahkan izin yang diperlukan ke konfigurasi Android dan iOS Anda.
Untuk Android, perbarui android/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml:
XML
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
﻿
Untuk iOS, pastikan bahwa Info.plist Anda mencakup:
XML
<key>NSAppTransportSecurity</key>
<dict>
    <key>NSAllowsArbitraryLoads</key>
    <true/>
</dict>
<key>NSAppTransportSecurity</key>
<dict>
    <key>NSAllowsArbitraryLoads</key>
    <true/>
</dict>
﻿
4.2. Implementasikan Fungsionalitas Pengiriman Email
Buat lib/services/email_service.dart:
Dart
// lib/services/email_service.dart
import 'package:flutter_email_sender/flutter_email_sender.dart';

class EmailService {
  Future<void> sendEmail(String subject, String body, List<String> recipients) async {
    final Email email = Email(
      body: body,
      subject: subject,
      recipients: recipients,
      isHTML: false,
    );

    await FlutterEmailSender.send(email);
  }
}
// lib/services/email_service.dart
import 'package:flutter_email_sender/flutter_email_sender.dart';

class EmailService {
  Future<void> sendEmail(String subject, String body, List<String> recipients) async {
    final Email email = Email(
      body: body,
      subject: subject,
      recipients: recipients,
      isHTML: false,
    );

    await FlutterEmailSender.send(email);
  }
}
﻿
4.3. Implementasi Pengambilan Email (Placeholder)
Pengambilan email dari penyedia seperti Gmail memerlukan OAuth dan integrasi API, yang bisa menjadi kompleks. Untuk tutorial ini, kita akan mensimulasikan pengambilan email.
Buat lib/models/email.dart:
Dart
// lib/models/email.dart
class Email {
  final String sender;
  final String subject;
  final String body;
  final DateTime date;

  Email({
    required this.sender,
    required this.subject,
    required this.body,
    required this.date,
  });
}
// lib/models/email.dart
class Email {
  final String sender;
  final String subject;
  final String body;
  final DateTime date;

  Email({
    required this.sender,
    required this.subject,
    required this.body,
    required this.date,
  });
}
﻿
Buat lib/services/email_service.dart (perbarui dengan data dummy):
Dart
// lib/services/email_service.dart
import '../models/email.dart';

class EmailService {
  Future<List<Email>> fetchEmails() async {
    // Simulate network delay
    await Future.delayed(Duration(seconds: 2));

    return [
      Email(
        sender: '[email protected]',
        subject: 'Meeting Reminder',
        body: 'Don\'t forget about our meeting tomorrow at 10 AM.',
        date: DateTime.now().subtract(Duration(hours: 1)),
      ),
      // Add more dummy emails
    ];
  }

  // Existing sendEmail method
}
// lib/services/email_service.dart
import '../models/email.dart';

class EmailService {
  Future<List<Email>> fetchEmails() async {
    // Simulate network delay
    await Future.delayed(Duration(seconds: 2));

    return [
      Email(
        sender: 'john.doe@example.com',
        subject: 'Meeting Reminder',
        body: 'Don\'t forget about our meeting tomorrow at 10 AM.',
        date: DateTime.now().subtract(Duration(hours: 1)),
      ),
      // Add more dummy emails
    ];
  }

  // Existing sendEmail method
}
﻿
Langkah 5 — Mengintegrasikan Layanan AI untuk Generasi Respons
Anda sekarang akan menyiapkan integrasi AI untuk menghasilkan respons email.
5.1. Siapkan Permintaan HTTP ke API AI
Instal paket http (sudah ditambahkan).
Buat lib/services/ai_service.dart:
Dart
// lib/services/ai_service.dart
import 'dart:convert';
import 'package:http/http.dart' as http;

class AIService {
  final String apiKey = 'YOUR_OPENAI_API_KEY';
  final String apiUrl = 'https://api.openai.com/v1/engines/davinci/completions';

  Future<String> generateResponse(String emailContent) async {
    final response = await http.post(
      Uri.parse(apiUrl),
      headers: {
        'Authorization': 'Bearer $apiKey',
        'Content-Type': 'application/json',
      },
      body: jsonEncode({
        'prompt': 'Reply to the following email:\n$emailContent',
        'max_tokens': 150,
      }),
    );

    if (response.statusCode == 200) {
      final data = jsonDecode(response.body);
      return data['choices'][0]['text'].trim();
    } else {
      throw Exception('Failed to generate response');
    }
  }
}
// lib/services/ai_service.dart
import 'dart:convert';
import 'package:http/http.dart' as http;

class AIService {
  final String apiKey = 'YOUR_OPENAI_API_KEY';
  final String apiUrl = 'https://api.openai.com/v1/engines/davinci/completions';

  Future<String> generateResponse(String emailContent) async {
    final response = await http.post(
      Uri.parse(apiUrl),
      headers: {
        'Authorization': 'Bearer $apiKey',
        'Content-Type': 'application/json',
      },
      body: jsonEncode({
        'prompt': 'Reply to the following email:\n$emailContent',
        'max_tokens': 150,
      }),
    );

    if (response.statusCode == 200) {
      final data = jsonDecode(response.body);
      return data['choices'][0]['text'].trim();
    } else {
      throw Exception('Failed to generate response');
    }
  }
}
﻿
Catatan: Ganti 'YOUR_OPENAI_API_KEY' dengan kunci API Anda yang sebenarnya.
5.2. Implementasikan Widget Editor Respons
Buat lib/widgets/response_editor.dart:
Dart
// lib/widgets/response_editor.dart
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

class ResponseEditor extends StatelessWidget {
  final String initialResponse;
  final TextEditingController controller;

  ResponseEditor({required this.initialResponse})
      : controller = TextEditingController(text: initialResponse);

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return TextField(
      controller: controller,
      maxLines: null,
      decoration: InputDecoration(
        hintText: 'Edit your response here...',
        border: OutlineInputBorder(),
      ),
    );
  }
}
// lib/widgets/response_editor.dart
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

class ResponseEditor extends StatelessWidget {
  final String initialResponse;
  final TextEditingController controller;

  ResponseEditor({required this.initialResponse})
      : controller = TextEditingController(text: initialResponse);

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return TextField(
      controller: controller,
      maxLines: null,
      decoration: InputDecoration(
        hintText: 'Edit your response here...',
        border: OutlineInputBorder(),
      ),
    );
  }
}
﻿
5.3. Menampilkan Respons yang Dihasilkan AI
Di lib/screens/email_detail_screen.dart, integrasikan layanan AI.
Dart
// lib/screens/email_detail_screen.dart
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import '../models/email.dart';
import '../services/ai_service.dart';
import '../widgets/response_editor.dart';
import '../services/email_service.dart';

class EmailDetailScreen extends StatefulWidget {
  final Email email;

  EmailDetailScreen({required this.email});

  @override
  _EmailDetailScreenState createState() => _EmailDetailScreenState();
}

class _EmailDetailScreenState extends State<EmailDetailScreen> {
  final AIService aiService = AIService();
  final EmailService emailService = EmailService();
  String? aiResponse;
  bool isLoading = false;

  Future<void> generateResponse() async {
    setState(() {
      isLoading = true;
    });

    try {
      final response = await aiService.generateResponse(widget.email.body);
      setState(() {
        aiResponse = response;
      });
    } catch (e) {
      ScaffoldMessenger.of(context)
          .showSnackBar(SnackBar(content: Text('AI Error: $e')));
    } finally {
      setState(() {
        isLoading = false;
      });
    }
  }

  void sendResponse(String responseText) {
    emailService.sendEmail(
      'Re: ${widget.email.subject}',
      responseText,
      [widget.email.sender],
    );

    ScaffoldMessenger.of(context)
        .showSnackBar(SnackBar(content: Text('Email Sent')));
  }

  @override
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
    generateResponse();
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    final responseEditor = aiResponse != null
        ? ResponseEditor(initialResponse: aiResponse!)
        : null;

    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: Text('Email from ${widget.email.sender}'),
      ),
      body: Padding(
        padding: const EdgeInsets.all(16),
        child: isLoading
            ? Center(child: CircularProgressIndicator())
            : Column(
                children: [
                  Text(widget.email.body),
                  SizedBox(height: 20),
                  responseEditor != null
                      ? Expanded(child: responseEditor)
                      : Container(),
                  ElevatedButton(
                    onPressed: () {
                      if (responseEditor != null) {
                        sendResponse(responseEditor.controller.text);
                      }
                    },
                    child: Text('Send Response'),
                  ),
                ],
              ),
      ),
    );
  }
}
// lib/screens/email_detail_screen.dart
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import '../models/email.dart';
import '../services/ai_service.dart';
import '../widgets/response_editor.dart';
import '../services/email_service.dart';

class EmailDetailScreen extends StatefulWidget {
  final Email email;

  EmailDetailScreen({required this.email});

  @override
  _EmailDetailScreenState createState() => _EmailDetailScreenState();
}

class _EmailDetailScreenState extends State<EmailDetailScreen> {
  final AIService aiService = AIService();
  final EmailService emailService = EmailService();
  String? aiResponse;
  bool isLoading = false;

  Future<void> generateResponse() async {
    setState(() {
      isLoading = true;
    });

    try {
      final response = await aiService.generateResponse(widget.email.body);
      setState(() {
        aiResponse = response;
      });
    } catch (e) {
      ScaffoldMessenger.of(context)
          .showSnackBar(SnackBar(content: Text('AI Error: $e')));
    } finally {
      setState(() {
        isLoading = false;
      });
    }
  }

  void sendResponse(String responseText) {
    emailService.sendEmail(
      'Re: ${widget.email.subject}',
      responseText,
      [widget.email.sender],
    );

    ScaffoldMessenger.of(context)
        .showSnackBar(SnackBar(content: Text('Email Sent')));
  }

  @override
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
    generateResponse();
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    final responseEditor = aiResponse != null
        ? ResponseEditor(initialResponse: aiResponse!)
        : null;

    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: Text('Email from ${widget.email.sender}'),
      ),
      body: Padding(
        padding: const EdgeInsets.all(16),
        child: isLoading
            ? Center(child: CircularProgressIndicator())
            : Column(
                children: [
                  Text(widget.email.body),
                  SizedBox(height: 20),
                  responseEditor != null
                      ? Expanded(child: responseEditor)
                      : Container(),
                  ElevatedButton(
                    onPressed: () {
                      if (responseEditor != null) {
                        sendResponse(responseEditor.controller.text);
                      }
                    },
                    child: Text('Send Response'),
                  ),
                ],
              ),
      ),
    );
  }
}
﻿
Langkah 6 — Mengelola Template Email
Anda sekarang akan mengimplementasikan manajemen template email menggunakan Back4App.
6.1. Definisikan Model EmailTemplate
Buat lib/models/email_template.dart:
Dart
// lib/models/email_template.dart
import 'package:parse_server_sdk_flutter/parse_server_sdk.dart';

class EmailTemplate extends ParseObject implements ParseCloneable {
  EmailTemplate() : super('EmailTemplate');
  EmailTemplate.clone() : this();

  @override
  EmailTemplate clone(Map<String, dynamic> map) => EmailTemplate.clone()..fromJson(map);

  String? get templateName => get<String>('templateName');
  set templateName(String? value) => set<String>('templateName', value);

  String? get templateContent => get<String>('templateContent');
  set templateContent(String? value) => set<String>('templateContent', value);

  String? get templateType => get<String>('templateType');
  set templateType(String? value) => set<String>('templateType', value);
}
// lib/models/email_template.dart
import 'package:parse_server_sdk_flutter/parse_server_sdk.dart';

class EmailTemplate extends ParseObject implements ParseCloneable {
  EmailTemplate() : super('EmailTemplate');
  EmailTemplate.clone() : this();

  @override
  EmailTemplate clone(Map<String, dynamic> map) => EmailTemplate.clone()..fromJson(map);

  String? get templateName => get<String>('templateName');
  set templateName(String? value) => set<String>('templateName', value);

  String? get templateContent => get<String>('templateContent');
  set templateContent(String? value) => set<String>('templateContent', value);

  String? get templateType => get<String>('templateType');
  set templateType(String? value) => set<String>('templateType', value);
}
﻿
6.2. Implementasikan Layanan Template
Buat lib/services/template_service.dart:
Dart
// lib/services/template_service.dart
import 'package:parse_server_sdk_flutter/parse_server_sdk.dart';
import '../models/email_template.dart';

class TemplateService {
  Future<List<EmailTemplate>> fetchTemplates() async {
    final query = QueryBuilder<EmailTemplate>(EmailTemplate());
    final response = await query.find();

    if (response.success && response.results != null) {
      return response.results as List<EmailTemplate>;
    } else {
      return [];
    }
  }

  Future<void> addTemplate(EmailTemplate template) async {
    await template.save();
  }
}
// lib/services/template_service.dart
import 'package:parse_server_sdk_flutter/parse_server_sdk.dart';
import '../models/email_template.dart';

class TemplateService {
  Future<List<EmailTemplate>> fetchTemplates() async {
    final query = QueryBuilder<EmailTemplate>(EmailTemplate());
    final response = await query.find();

    if (response.success && response.results != null) {
      return response.results as List<EmailTemplate>;
    } else {
      return [];
    }
  }

  Future<void> addTemplate(EmailTemplate template) async {
    await template.save();
  }
}
﻿
6.3. Buat Layar Manajemen Template
Buat lib/screens/template_management_screen.dart:
Dart
// lib/screens/template_management_screen.dart
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import '../models/email_template.dart';
import '../services/template_service.dart';

class TemplateManagementScreen extends StatefulWidget {
  @override
  _TemplateManagementScreenState createState() => _TemplateManagementScreenState();
}

class _TemplateManagementScreenState extends State<TemplateManagementScreen> {
  final TemplateService templateService = TemplateService();
  List<EmailTemplate> templates = [];
  bool isLoading = true;

  Future<void> loadTemplates() async {
    final fetchedTemplates = await templateService.fetchTemplates();
    setState(() {
      templates = fetchedTemplates;
      isLoading = false;
    });
  }

  @override
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
    loadTemplates();
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
        appBar: AppBar(
          title: Text('Email Templates'),
        ),
        body: isLoading
            ? Center(child: CircularProgressIndicator())
            : ListView.builder(
                itemCount: templates.length,
                itemBuilder: (context, index) {
                  final template = templates[index];
                  return ListTile(
                    title: Text(template.templateName ?? 'Unnamed'),
                    subtitle: Text(template.templateType ?? 'No Type'),
                  );
                },
              ),
        floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(
          onPressed: () {
            // Implement template creation
          },
          child: Icon(Icons.add),
        ));
  }
}
// lib/screens/template_management_screen.dart
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import '../models/email_template.dart';
import '../services/template_service.dart';

class TemplateManagementScreen extends StatefulWidget {
  @override
  _TemplateManagementScreenState createState() => _TemplateManagementScreenState();
}

class _TemplateManagementScreenState extends State<TemplateManagementScreen> {
  final TemplateService templateService = TemplateService();
  List<EmailTemplate> templates = [];
  bool isLoading = true;

  Future<void> loadTemplates() async {
    final fetchedTemplates = await templateService.fetchTemplates();
    setState(() {
      templates = fetchedTemplates;
      isLoading = false;
    });
  }

  @override
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
    loadTemplates();
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
        appBar: AppBar(
          title: Text('Email Templates'),
        ),
        body: isLoading
            ? Center(child: CircularProgressIndicator())
            : ListView.builder(
                itemCount: templates.length,
                itemBuilder: (context, index) {
                  final template = templates[index];
                  return ListTile(
                    title: Text(template.templateName ?? 'Unnamed'),
                    subtitle: Text(template.templateType ?? 'No Type'),
                  );
                },
              ),
        floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(
          onPressed: () {
            // Implement template creation
          },
          child: Icon(Icons.add),
        ));
  }
}
﻿
Langkah 7 — Mengimplementasikan Pelacakan Riwayat Respons
Anda sekarang akan menyimpan respons yang dihasilkan AI dan suntingan pengguna ke Back4App untuk analitik.
7.1. Definisikan Model ResponseHistory
Buat lib/models/response_history.dart:
Dart
// lib/models/response_history.dart
import 'package:parse_server_sdk_flutter/parse_server_sdk.dart';

class ResponseHistory extends ParseObject implements ParseCloneable {
  ResponseHistory() : super('ResponseHistory');
  ResponseHistory.clone() : this();

  @override
  ResponseHistory clone(Map<String, dynamic> map) => ResponseHistory.clone()..fromJson(map);

  String? get originalEmailSummary => get<String>('originalEmailSummary');
  set originalEmailSummary(String? value) => set<String>('originalEmailSummary', value);

  String? get generatedResponse => get<String>('generatedResponse');
  set generatedResponse(String? value) => set<String>('generatedResponse', value);

  String? get userEditedResponse => get<String>('userEditedResponse');
  set userEditedResponse(String? value) => set<String>('userEditedResponse', value);

  int? get timeSaved => get<int>('timeSaved');
  set timeSaved(int? value) => set<int>('timeSaved', value);
}
// lib/models/response_history.dart
import 'package:parse_server_sdk_flutter/parse_server_sdk.dart';

class ResponseHistory extends ParseObject implements ParseCloneable {
  ResponseHistory() : super('ResponseHistory');
  ResponseHistory.clone() : this();

  @override
  ResponseHistory clone(Map<String, dynamic> map) => ResponseHistory.clone()..fromJson(map);

  String? get originalEmailSummary => get<String>('originalEmailSummary');
  set originalEmailSummary(String? value) => set<String>('originalEmailSummary', value);

  String? get generatedResponse => get<String>('generatedResponse');
  set generatedResponse(String? value) => set<String>('generatedResponse', value);

  String? get userEditedResponse => get<String>('userEditedResponse');
  set userEditedResponse(String? value) => set<String>('userEditedResponse', value);

  int? get timeSaved => get<int>('timeSaved');
  set timeSaved(int? value) => set<int>('timeSaved', value);
}
﻿
7.2. Simpan Riwayat Respon Setelah Mengirim Email
Perbarui lib/screens/email_detail_screen.dart di sendResponse metode:
Dart
import '../models/response_history.dart';

// ...

void sendResponse(String responseText) async {
  await emailService.sendEmail(
    'Re: ${widget.email.subject}',
    responseText,
    [widget.email.sender],
  );

  // Save response history
  final responseHistory = ResponseHistory()
    ..set('originalEmailSummary', widget.email.body)
    ..set('generatedResponse', aiResponse)
    ..set('userEditedResponse', responseText)
    ..set('timeSaved', calculateTimeSaved());

  await responseHistory.save();

  ScaffoldMessenger.of(context)
      .showSnackBar(SnackBar(content: Text('Email Sent')));

  Navigator.pop(context);
}

int calculateTimeSaved() {
  // Placeholder implementation
  return 5; // Assume 5 minutes saved
}
import '../models/response_history.dart';

// ...

void sendResponse(String responseText) async {
  await emailService.sendEmail(
    'Re: ${widget.email.subject}',
    responseText,
    [widget.email.sender],
  );

  // Save response history
  final responseHistory = ResponseHistory()
    ..set('originalEmailSummary', widget.email.body)
    ..set('generatedResponse', aiResponse)
    ..set('userEditedResponse', responseText)
    ..set('timeSaved', calculateTimeSaved());

  await responseHistory.save();

  ScaffoldMessenger.of(context)
      .showSnackBar(SnackBar(content: Text('Email Sent')));

  Navigator.pop(context);
}

int calculateTimeSaved() {
  // Placeholder implementation
  return 5; // Assume 5 minutes saved
}
﻿
Langkah 8 — Menambahkan Analitik dengan Grafik
8.1. Implementasikan Layanan Analitik
Buat lib/services/analytics_service.dart:
Dart
// lib/services/analytics_service.dart
import 'package:parse_server_sdk_flutter/parse_server_sdk.dart';
import '../models/response_history.dart';

class AnalyticsService {
  Future<List<ResponseHistory>> fetchResponseHistories() async {
    final query = QueryBuilder<ResponseHistory>(ResponseHistory());
    final response = await query.find();

    if (response.success && response.results != null) {
      return response.results as List<ResponseHistory>;
    } else {
      return [];
    }
  }

  Future<int> calculateTotalTimeSaved() async {
    final histories = await fetchResponseHistories();
    return histories.fold(0, (sum, item) => sum + (item.timeSaved ?? 0));
  }
}
// lib/services/analytics_service.dart
import 'package:parse_server_sdk_flutter/parse_server_sdk.dart';
import '../models/response_history.dart';

class AnalyticsService {
  Future<List<ResponseHistory>> fetchResponseHistories() async {
    final query = QueryBuilder<ResponseHistory>(ResponseHistory());
    final response = await query.find();

    if (response.success && response.results != null) {
      return response.results as List<ResponseHistory>;
    } else {
      return [];
    }
  }

  Future<int> calculateTotalTimeSaved() async {
    final histories = await fetchResponseHistories();
    return histories.fold(0, (sum, item) => sum + (item.timeSaved ?? 0));
  }
}
﻿
8.2. Buat Dasbor Analitik
Buat lib/screens/analytics_screen.dart:
Dart
// lib/screens/analytics_screen.dart
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:fl_chart/fl_chart.dart';
import '../services/analytics_service.dart';

class AnalyticsScreen extends StatefulWidget {
  @override
  _AnalyticsScreenState createState() => _AnalyticsScreenState();
}

class _AnalyticsScreenState extends State<AnalyticsScreen> {
  final AnalyticsService analyticsService = AnalyticsService();
  int totalTimeSaved = 0;

  Future<void> loadAnalytics() async {
    final timeSaved = await analyticsService.calculateTotalTimeSaved();
    setState(() {
      totalTimeSaved = timeSaved;
    });
  }

  @override
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
    loadAnalytics();
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
        appBar: AppBar(
          title: Text('Analytics'),
        ),
        body: Center(
          child: Text('Total Time Saved: $totalTimeSaved minutes'),
        ));
  }
}
// lib/screens/analytics_screen.dart
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:fl_chart/fl_chart.dart';
import '../services/analytics_service.dart';

class AnalyticsScreen extends StatefulWidget {
  @override
  _AnalyticsScreenState createState() => _AnalyticsScreenState();
}

class _AnalyticsScreenState extends State<AnalyticsScreen> {
  final AnalyticsService analyticsService = AnalyticsService();
  int totalTimeSaved = 0;

  Future<void> loadAnalytics() async {
    final timeSaved = await analyticsService.calculateTotalTimeSaved();
    setState(() {
      totalTimeSaved = timeSaved;
    });
  }

  @override
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
    loadAnalytics();
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
        appBar: AppBar(
          title: Text('Analytics'),
        ),
        body: Center(
          child: Text('Total Time Saved: $totalTimeSaved minutes'),
        ));
  }
}
﻿
Langkah 9 — Mengimplementasikan Dukungan Offline
Anda sekarang akan menambahkan kemampuan offline ke aplikasi Anda menggunakan penyimpanan data lokal Parse.
9.1. Aktifkan Penyimpanan Data Lokal
Di lib/main.dart, aktifkan penyimpanan data lokal:
Dart
await Parse().initialize(
  keyApplicationId,
  keyParseServerUrl,
  clientKey: keyClientKey,
  autoSendSessionId: true,
  debug: true,
  coreStore: await CoreStoreSembastImp.getInstance(),
);
await Parse().initialize(
  keyApplicationId,
  keyParseServerUrl,
  clientKey: keyClientKey,
  autoSendSessionId: true,
  debug: true,
  coreStore: await CoreStoreSembastImp.getInstance(),
);
﻿
9.2. Modifikasi Model Data untuk Pinning
Dalam model Anda (misalnya, ResponseHistory), tambahkan metode untuk menyematkan dan menghapus sematan objek:
Dart
Future<void> pin() async {
  await this.pin();
}

Future<void> unpin() async {
  await this.unPin();
}
Future<void> pin() async {
  await this.pin();
}

Future<void> unpin() async {
  await this.unPin();
}
﻿
9.3. Implementasikan Manajer Offline
Buat lib/utils/offline_manager.dart:
Dart
// lib/utils/offline_manager.dart
import '../models/email.dart';
import 'package:parse_server_sdk_flutter/parse_server_sdk.dart';

class OfflineManager {
  Future<void> cacheEmails(List<Email> emails) async {
    for (var email in emails) {
      final parseObject = ParseObject('Email')
        ..set('sender', email.sender)
        ..set('subject', email.subject)
        ..set('body', email.body)
        ..set('date', email.date);

      await parseObject.pin();
    }
  }

  Future<List<Email>> getCachedEmails() async {
    final query = QueryBuilder<ParseObject>(ParseObject('Email'));
    final response = await query.fromPin().find();

    if (response.success && response.results != null) {
      return response.results!.map((e) {
        return Email(
          sender: e.get<String>('sender') ?? '',
          subject: e.get<String>('subject') ?? '',
          body: e.get<String>('body') ?? '',
          date: e.get<DateTime>('date') ?? DateTime.now(),
        );
      }).toList();
    } else {
      return [];
    }
  }
}
// lib/utils/offline_manager.dart
import '../models/email.dart';
import 'package:parse_server_sdk_flutter/parse_server_sdk.dart';

class OfflineManager {
  Future<void> cacheEmails(List<Email> emails) async {
    for (var email in emails) {
      final parseObject = ParseObject('Email')
        ..set('sender', email.sender)
        ..set('subject', email.subject)
        ..set('body', email.body)
        ..set('date', email.date);

      await parseObject.pin();
    }
  }

  Future<List<Email>> getCachedEmails() async {
    final query = QueryBuilder<ParseObject>(ParseObject('Email'));
    final response = await query.fromPin().find();

    if (response.success && response.results != null) {
      return response.results!.map((e) {
        return Email(
          sender: e.get<String>('sender') ?? '',
          subject: e.get<String>('subject') ?? '',
          body: e.get<String>('body') ?? '',
          date: e.get<DateTime>('date') ?? DateTime.now(),
        );
      }).toList();
    } else {
      return [];
    }
  }
}
﻿
9.4. Gunakan Data Offline Ketika Tidak Ada Konektivitas
Dalam logika pengambilan email Anda, periksa konektivitas dan gunakan data yang di-cache jika offline.
Kesimpulan
Dalam tutorial ini, Anda membangun aplikasi Responder Email AI menggunakan Flutter dan Back4App. Anda:
Mengatur backend Back4App dengan model data dan konfigurasi keamanan yang diperlukan.
Menginisialisasi proyek Flutter dan menghubungkannya ke Back4App.
Menerapkan otentikasi pengguna dengan Parse Server.
Mengintegrasikan pengiriman email dan mensimulasikan pengambilan email.
Mengintegrasikan layanan AI untuk menghasilkan respons email.
Mengelola template email dan menyimpannya di Back4App.
Melacak riwayat respons untuk analitik.
Menambahkan analitik dasar menggunakan fl_chart.
Menerapkan dukungan offline menggunakan penyimpanan data lokal Parse.
Aplikasi ini menyediakan dasar untuk membangun fitur yang lebih canggih, seperti integrasi email nyata dengan OAuth, kemampuan AI yang lebih maju, dan desain UI/UX yang ditingkatkan.
Langkah Selanjutnya
Integrasi Email: Implementasikan pengambilan email nyata menggunakan API Gmail atau Outlook dengan otentikasi OAuth.
Fitur AI yang Ditingkatkan: Sesuaikan prompt AI untuk respons yang lebih baik dan terapkan personalisasi berdasarkan data pengguna.
Peningkatan UI/UX: Tingkatkan antarmuka aplikasi untuk pengalaman pengguna yang lebih baik.
Pengujian dan Penyebaran: Tulis unit dan pengujian integrasi dan siapkan aplikasi untuk penyebaran ke toko aplikasi.
Peningkatan Keamanan: Enkripsi data sensitif dan terapkan penanganan kesalahan yang kuat serta validasi input.
Untuk informasi lebih lanjut tentang menggunakan Back4App dengan Flutter, lihat Panduan Back4App Flutter.
Diperbarui 24 Jan 2025
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