Quickstarters

How to Build a Backend for MacOS?

45min

Introduction

In this tutorial, you’ll learn how to build a backend for MacOS using Back4app and the Parse Swift SDK.

We’ll walk through integrating essential Back4app features—such as database management, Cloud Code Functions, REST and GraphQL APIs, user authentication, and real-time queries (Live Queries)—to create a secure, scalable, and robust backend that seamlessly communicates with your MacOS application.

You’ll also see how Back4app’s quick setup and intuitive environment can drastically reduce the time and effort compared to manually configuring servers and databases.

Along the way, you’ll gain hands-on experience with key functionalities, including advanced security features, scheduling tasks with Cloud Jobs, and setting up webhooks for external integrations.

By the end of this tutorial, you’ll be well-prepared to enhance this foundational setup into a production-ready macOS application, or easily incorporate custom logic and third-party APIs as needed.

Mastering this approach will empower you to streamline your workflows and learn how to build a backend for MacOS quickly and efficiently.

Prerequisites

To complete this tutorial, you will need:

  • A Back4app account and a new Back4app project Getting Started with Back4app. If you do not have an account, you can create one for free. Follow the guide above to get your project ready.
  • A MacOS development environment (Xcode) You can install Xcode from the Mac App Store.
  • Swift Package Manager or CocoaPods For installing the Parse Swift SDK. Parse Swift Documentation.
  • Basic knowledge of Swift and macOS app development Apple's Official Documentation Familiarity with SwiftUI or AppKit is helpful.

Make sure you have all of these prerequisites in place before you begin. Having your Back4app project set up and your local macOS development environment ready will help you follow along more easily.

Step 1 – Setting Up Back4app Project

Create a New Project

The first step in building your macOS backend on Back4app is creating a new project. If you have not already created one, follow these steps:

  1. Log in to your Back4app account.
  2. Click the “New App” button in your Back4app dashboard.
  3. Give your app a name (e.g., “macOS-Backend-Tutorial”).
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Once the project is created, you will see it listed in your Back4app dashboard. This project will be the foundation for all backend configurations discussed in this tutorial.

Connect the Parse Swift SDK

Back4app relies on the Parse Platform to manage your data, provide real-time features, handle user authentication, and more. Connecting your macOS application to Back4app involves installing the Parse Swift SDK and initializing it with the credentials from your Back4app dashboard.

Retrieve your Parse Keys: In your Back4app dashboard, navigate to your app’s “App Settings” or “Security & Keys” section to find your Application ID and Client Key (or clientKey). You will also find the Parse Server URL (often in the format https://parseapi.back4app.com).

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Install the Parse Swift SDK in your macOS project:

If using Swift Package Manager:

Swift


If using CocoaPods, add this to your Podfile:

Ruby


Initialize Parse in your macOS application (for example, in AppDelegate.swift if using AppKit, or in a SwiftUI @main struct if building a SwiftUI App):

Swift


By completing this step, you have established a secure connection between your macOS front-end (UI) and the Back4app backend. All requests and data transactions are securely routed through this SDK, reducing the complexity of manual REST or GraphQL calls (though you can still use them if needed).

Step 2 – Setting Up the Database

Saving and Querying Data

With your Back4app project set up and the Parse Swift SDK integrated into your macOS app, you can now start saving and retrieving data. The simplest way to create an object is to define a struct conforming to ParseObject and then call save():

Swift


Alternatively, you can use Back4app’s REST or GraphQL API:

Curl


Back4app also provides a GraphQL interface:

GraphQL


These diverse options let you integrate data operations in the way that best suits your development process—whether that's through the Parse Swift SDK, REST, or GraphQL.

Schema Design and Data Types

By default, Parse allows schema creation on the fly, but you can also define your classes and data types in the Back4app dashboard for more control.

  1. Navigate to the “Database” section in your Back4app dashboard.
  2. Create a new class (e.g., “Todo”) and add relevant columns, such as title (String) and isCompleted (Boolean).
Create New Class
Create New Class


Back4app supports various data types: String, Number, Boolean, Object, Date, File, Pointer, Array, Relation, GeoPoint, and Polygon. You can choose the appropriate type for each field, or let Parse automatically create these columns when you first save an object from your macOS app.

Create Column
Create Column


Back4app offers an AI Agent that can help you design your data model:

  1. Open the AI Agent from your App Dashboard or on the menu.
  2. Describe your data model in simple language (e.g., “Please, create a new ToDo App at back4app with a complete class schema.”).
  3. Let the AI Agent create the Schema for you.
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Relational Data

If you have relational data—say, a Category object that points to multiple Todo items—you can use Pointers or Relations in Parse Swift:

Swift


Live Queries

For real-time updates, Back4app provides Live Queries. By enabling Live Queries in your Back4app dashboard, you can subscribe to changes in a specific class from your macOS app.

  1. Enable Live Queries in your Back4app dashboard under your app’s Server Settings.
  2. Initialize Live Queries in code (the Swift Live Query client is still in flux, but you can use community-driven approaches or watch for official Parse Swift updates).
src/parseConfig.swift


Once subscribed, you’d receive notifications whenever a new Todo is created, updated, or deleted. This is especially valuable for collaborative or highly interactive desktop apps where multiple users or processes need to see the latest data instantly.

Step 3 – Applying Security with ACLs and CLPs

Back4app Security Mechanism

Back4app takes security seriously by providing Access Control Lists (ACLs) and Class-Level Permissions (CLPs). These features let you restrict who can read or write data on a per-object or per-class basis, ensuring only authorized users can modify your data.

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Access Control Lists (ACLs)

An ACL is applied to individual objects to determine which users, roles, or the public can perform read/write operations. For example, if your macOS app has a concept of “private tasks” for the currently logged-in user:

Swift


When you save the object, it has an ACL that prevents anyone but the specified user from reading or modifying it.

Edit ACL
Edit ACL


Class-Level Permissions (CLPs)

CLPs govern an entire class’s default permissions, such as whether the class is publicly readable or writable, or if only certain roles can access it.

  1. Go to your Back4app Dashboard, select your app, and open the Database section.
  2. Select a class (e.g., “Todo”).
  3. Open the Class-Level Permissions tab.
  4. Configure your defaults, such as “Requires Authentication” for read or write, or “No Access” for the public.
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Step 4 – Writing and Deploying Cloud Functions

Cloud Code is a feature of the Parse Server environment that allows you to run custom JavaScript code on the server side—without needing to manage your own servers or infrastructure. By writing Cloud Code, you can extend your Back4app backend with additional business logic, validations, triggers, and integrations that run securely and efficiently on the Parse Server.

How It Works

When you write Cloud Code, you typically place your JavaScript functions, triggers, and any required NPM modules in a main.js file. You then deploy this file to your Back4app project, and it runs in the Parse Server environment. This allows you to keep sensitive logic server-side.

Typical Use Cases:

  • Business Logic: Calculations or transformations before saving data
  • Data Validations: Ensure certain fields meet criteria
  • Triggers: Perform actions when data changes
  • Integrations: Connect with external APIs (e.g., payments, notifications)

Example Function

JS


Deploying via the Back4app CLI

  1. Install the CLI:
Bash

  1. Configure your account key:
Bash

  1. Deploy your cloud code:
Bash


Calling Your Function

From macOS using Swift:

Swift


You can also call it via REST or GraphQL, the same way as in other frameworks.

Step 5 – Configuring User Authentication

User Authentication in Back4app

Back4app leverages the ParseUser class as the foundation for authentication. By default, Parse handles password hashing, session tokens, and secure storage, so you don’t have to set up complex security flows manually.

Setting Up User Authentication

In a macOS application, you can create a new user with:

Swift


Via REST, a login might look like:

Bash


Session Management

After a successful login, Parse creates a session token. You can access the currently logged-in user:

Swift


Logging out:

Swift


Social Login Integration

You can integrate popular providers like Google, Apple, or Facebook by configuring authData. Detailed instructions vary, so refer to Social Login Docs.

Email Verification and Password Reset

To enable email verification and password reset:

  1. Navigate to the Email Settings in your Back4app dashboard.
  2. Enable email verification.
  3. Configure the From address, email templates, and your custom domain if desired.

This improves account security by validating user emails and providing a password recovery method.

Step 6 – Handling File Storage

Uploading and Retrieving Files

Parse includes the ParseFile class for handling file uploads, which Back4app stores securely:

Swift


Attach it to an object:

Swift


File Security

You can configure file upload security in your Parse Server settings. For example, controlling which users can upload or delete files. Keep in mind that if you share the file’s URL, anyone with that URL can access it unless you’ve set stricter server-side rules.

Step 7 – Email Verification and Password Reset

Overview

Email verification and password resets are critical for secure user management. We’ve already touched on it under Step 5, but as a reminder:

  1. Enable these features in the Back4app Dashboard (Email Settings).
  2. Configure “Enable Email Verification” and “Password Reset” email templates.
  3. Test the flow from your macOS app.

Step 8 – Scheduling Tasks with Cloud Jobs

Cloud Jobs

Cloud Jobs let you schedule and run routine tasks on your backend, like sending periodic emails or cleaning data. For example:

JS

  1. Deploy your Cloud Code with the new job.
  2. Go to the Back4app Dashboard > App Settings > Server Settings > Background Jobs.
  3. Schedule the job (e.g., daily).
Scheduling a Cloud Job
Scheduling a Cloud Job


Step 9 – Integrating Webhooks

Webhooks allow your Back4app app to send HTTP requests to an external service whenever certain events occur. This is powerful for integrating with third-party systems like payment gateways, email marketing tools, or analytics platforms.

  1. Navigate to the Webhooks configuration in your Back4app dashboard > More > WebHooks.
  2. Set up an endpoint (e.g., https://your-external-service.com/webhook-endpoint).
  3. Configure triggers to specify which events in your Back4app classes or Cloud Code functions will fire the webhook.
Adding a Webhook
Adding a Webhook


For instance, if you want to notify Slack whenever a new Todo is created:

  • Create a Slack App that accepts incoming webhooks.
  • Copy the Slack webhook URL.
  • In your Back4app dashboard, set the endpoint to that Slack URL for the event “New record in the Todo class.”

Step 10 – Exploring the Back4app Admin Panel

The Back4app Admin App is a web-based management interface designed for non-technical users to perform CRUD operations and handle routine data tasks without writing any code. It provides a model-centric, user-friendly interface that streamlines database administration, custom data management, and enterprise-level operations.

Enabling the Admin App

Enable it by going to App Dashboard > More > Admin App and clicking on “Enable Admin App.”

Enable Admin App
Enable Admin App


Create a First Admin User, which automatically generates a new role (B4aAdminUser) and relevant classes in your app’s schema.

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Choose a Subdomain for accessing the admin interface and complete the setup.

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Log In using the admin credentials you created to access your new Admin App dashboard.

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Once enabled, the Back4app Admin App makes it easy to view, edit, or remove records from your database—without requiring direct use of the Parse Dashboard or backend code.

Conclusion

By following this comprehensive tutorial, you have:

  • Created a secure backend for a macOS app on Back4app.
  • Configured a database with class schemas, data types, and relationships.
  • Integrated real-time queries (Live Queries) for immediate data updates.
  • Applied security measures using ACLs and CLPs to protect and manage data access.
  • Implemented Cloud Code functions to run custom business logic on the server side.
  • Set up user authentication with support for email verification and password resets.
  • Managed file uploads and retrieval, with optional file security controls.
  • Scheduled Cloud Jobs for automated background tasks.
  • Used Webhooks to integrate with external services.
  • Explored the Back4app Admin Panel for data management.

With a solid macOS front-end and a robust Back4app backend, you are now well-equipped to develop feature-rich, scalable, and secure desktop applications. Continue exploring more advanced functionalities, integrate your business logic, and harness the power of Back4app to save you countless hours in server and database administration.

Next Steps

  • Build a production-ready macOS app by extending this backend to handle more complex data models, caching strategies, and performance optimizations.
  • Integrate advanced features such as specialized authentication flows, role-based access control, or external APIs (like payment gateways).
  • Check out Back4app’s official documentation for deeper dives into advanced security, performance tuning, and logs analysis.
  • Explore other tutorials on real-time communication, IoT dashboards, or location-based services. Combine the techniques learned here with third-party APIs to create complex, real-world applications.